Efficient heat dissipation in lithium-ion battery packs is crucial for safety. necessitating a thorough assessment of thermal performance during the design phase. This study utilizes Newman’s Pseudo two-dimensional (P2D) model and three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics to depict heat generation and dissipation. The main objectives include evaluating heat dynamics. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/eucalyptus-lemon/